Three Tragic Voices of Urdu Poetry: Shakeb Jalali, Mustafa Zaidi, and Sara Shagufta Introduction Urdu literature has produced some of the most sensitive and powerful poetic voices in South Asia. Among these, three poets stand out not only for their remarkable work but also for the tragic way their lives ended. Shakeb Jalali, Mustafa Zaidi, and Sara Shagufta each brought a unique style and perspective to Urdu poetry, but all three died by suicide, leaving behind a legacy of unfulfilled potential and haunting verse. Shakeb Jalali (1934–1966) Shakeb Jalali, born Syed Hassan Rizvi, was a deeply introspective poet whose work explored themes of alienation, pain, and the search for identity. Despite his limited output, his ghazals and nazms resonated with an intensity rarely seen in Urdu poetry. On 12 November 1966, at the age of 32, Jalali committed suicide by throwing himself in front of a train near Sargodha. His poetry, full of raw emotion, has since become symbolic of the stru...
imunity system of human beings ? The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against harmful pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and preventing infections. Here are key components and functions of the human immune system: Components of the Immune System: White Blood Cells (Leukocytes) Neutrophils: Phagocytic cells that engulf and digest pathogens. Lymphocytes: Including T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, which play roles in adaptive and innate immunity. Monocytes/Macrophages: Phagocytic cells that ingest and break down pathogens. Lymphoid Organs: Thymus: Where T cells mature Bone Marrow: Site of blood cell production, including B cells and some immune system components. Spleen and Lymph Nodes: Spleen Filters blood and removes damaged blood cells. Lymph Nodes: Bean-shaped structures that filter lympha...