Three Tragic Voices of Urdu Poetry: Shakeb Jalali, Mustafa Zaidi, and Sara Shagufta Introduction Urdu literature has produced some of the most sensitive and powerful poetic voices in South Asia. Among these, three poets stand out not only for their remarkable work but also for the tragic way their lives ended. Shakeb Jalali, Mustafa Zaidi, and Sara Shagufta each brought a unique style and perspective to Urdu poetry, but all three died by suicide, leaving behind a legacy of unfulfilled potential and haunting verse. Shakeb Jalali (1934–1966) Shakeb Jalali, his real name was Syed Hassan Rizvi,He born in Utter perdesh,s city Ali Garh,village eydana jalal on 1 October 1934, was a deeply introspective poet whose work explored themes of alienation, pain, and the search for identity. Despite his limited output, his ghazals and nazms resonated with an intensity rarely seen in Urdu poetry. On 12 November 1966, at the age of 32, Jalali committed suicide by throwing himself in front of ...
imunity system of human beings ?
The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against harmful pathogens, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. The immune system plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health and preventing infections. Here are key components and functions of the human immune system:
Urdu Poetry & Ghazals Blog
Sufficient and quality sleep is crucial for a well-functioning immune system.
Components of the Immune System:
White Blood Cells (Leukocytes)
Neutrophils: Phagocytic cells that engulf and digest pathogens. Lymphocytes: Including T cells, B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, which play roles in adaptive and innate immunity. Monocytes/Macrophages: Phagocytic cells that ingest and break down pathogens. Lymphoid Organs:Thymus: Where T cells mature
Bone Marrow: Site of blood cell production, including B cells and some immune system components. Spleen and Lymph Nodes:Spleen
Filters blood and removes damaged blood cells. Lymph Nodes: Bean-shaped structures that filter lymphatic fluid, trapping and destroying pathogens. Immune Molecules:Antibodies (Immunoglobulins)
Proteins produced by B cells that recognize and neutralize specific pathogens. Cytokines: Signaling molecules that coordinate immune responses.Complement System:
A group of proteins that enhance the immune system's ability to recognize and destroy pathogens. Functions of the Immune System:Recognition and Differentiation:
Ability to distinguish between the body's own cells (self) and foreign invaders (non-self).Barriers:
Physical barriers like the skin and mucous membranes prevent pathogens from entering the body.Innate Immunity:
Immediate, non-specific defense mechanisms that include phagocytic cells, natural killer cells, and inflammation.Adaptive Immunity:
Specific response tailored to each pathogen. Involves T cells (cell-mediated immunity) and B cells (antibody-mediated immunity). Immunological memory allows for a faster response upon subsequent exposure to the same pathogen.Immunological Memory:
After an initial exposure to a pathogen, the immune system "remembers" and mounts a quicker and more effective response upon re-exposure.Tolerance:
Ability to recognize and tolerate the body's own cells, preventing the immune system from attacking healthy tissues (autoimmune reactions). Factors Influencing Immune Function: Nutrition: Adequate intake of vitamins and minerals, particularly vitamins A, C, D, and zinc, is important for immune function.Sleep:
Urdu Poetry & Ghazals Blog
Sufficient and quality sleep is crucial for a well-functioning immune system.
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